The IP rating system provides a way to classify products according to the degree of dust, water and collision resistance of electrical equipment and packaging. This system has been recognized by most European countries and is outside of IEC529 (BS EN 60529: 1992) Announced in the package protection level (IP code).

   The protection level is expressed by two numbers followed by IP, and the numbers are used to clarify the protection level.

   The first number indicates the range of equipment resistance to dust, or the degree to which people are protected from hazards in a sealed environment.

   The second number indicates how waterproof the device is.

   Numbers: the first number-dustproof; the second number-waterproof

 

   In electronic products, IP another meaning is the waterproof and dustproof rating IP (International Protection) protection rating system was drafted by the IEC (International Electro Technical Commission). The lamps are classified according to their dustproof, foreign object intrusion, waterproof, and moisture-proof characteristics. The foreign objects referred to here, including tools, human fingers, etc., must not touch the live parts of the lamp to avoid electric shock.

   The IP protection level is composed of two numbers. The first number indicates the degree of protection against dust and foreign objects in the lamp; the second number indicates the degree of airtightness of the lamp against moisture and water intrusion. The larger the number, the higher the protection level. The protection levels indicated by the two marked numbers are shown in Table 1 and Table 2.

The degree of protection indicated by the first marked feature number (number)

  The first marked number:

  0 No protection No special protection for people or things outside IP0-

  1 Prevent the intrusion of solid objects larger than 50mm, and prevent the human body (such as the palm) from accidentally contacting the internal parts of the lamp. Prevent foreign objects of larger size (diameter greater than 50mm) from intruding IP1-

  2 Prevent the intrusion of solid objects larger than 12mm, and prevent human fingers from contacting the internal parts of the lamp. Prevent foreign objects of medium size (diameter greater than 12mm, length greater than 80mm) from intruding IP2-

  3 Prevent the intrusion of solid objects larger than 2.5mm, prevent tools, wires or similar small foreign objects with a diameter or thickness larger than 2.5mm from intruding and contacting the internal parts of the lamp IP3-

  4 Prevent the intrusion of solid objects larger than 1.0mm, and prevent tools, wires or similar small foreign objects with a diameter or thickness larger than 1.0mm from intruding and contacting the internal parts of the lamp IP4-

  5 Dust-proof, completely prevent the intrusion of foreign objects. Although it cannot completely prevent the intrusion of dust, the amount of dust invaded will not affect the normal operation of the lamp IP5-

  6 Dust tightness completely prevents the intrusion of foreign objects, and can completely prevent the intrusion of dust IP6-

The degree of protection indicated by the second marking feature number (number)

  The second marked number:

  0 No protection No special protection for people or things outside IP-0

  1 Prevent the intrusion of dripping water. Vertical dripping water (such as condensed water) will not cause harmful effects on the lamp. IP-1

  2 It can still prevent dripping water when it is tilted 15°. When the lamp is tilted from vertical to 15°, the dripping water will not cause harmful effects on the lamp IP-2

  3 Prevent the intrusion of sprayed water, rain or prevent the water sprayed in the direction where the angle between the vertical and the vertical is less than 60° into the luminaire and cause damage. IP-3

  4 Prevent splashing water intrusion, prevent splashing water from all directions from entering the lamp and causing damage IP-4

  5 Prevent the intrusion of sprayed water and prevent the water sprayed from the nozzle from all directions from entering the lamp and causing damage. IP-5

  6 To prevent the intrusion of large waves, the lamps installed on the deck can prevent damage caused by flooding due to the invasion of large waves. IP-6

  7 To prevent water intrusion when immersed, the lamp can be immersed in water for a certain period of time or the water pressure is below a certain standard to ensure that no damage is caused by water ingress. IP-7

  8 Prevent water intrusion during sinking. Under the condition of indefinite sinking of the lamp and the specified water pressure, it can ensure that no damage is caused by water ingress. IP-8

2. IP stands for Ingress Protection (ingress protection)

The first marking number of the grade, such as IP6_, means the dust-proof protection grade (6 means no dust enters, see the table below)

The second marking number, such as IP_5, indicates the waterproof protection level (5 indicates the spray of protective water, see the table below)

Prevent the invasion of solid matter

The test method and main test conditions of the waterproof test (IP_5) are defined as follows:

Test method-The inner diameter of the nozzle of the nozzle is 6.3mm, placed at a distance of 2.5-3m from the test sample.

Water flow rate – 12.5 l/min ±5%

Test duration-1 min/m2 but at least 3 minutes.

Test conditions-spray the test sample from every feasible angle



Waterproof test

⑴IPX 1

Method name: vertical drip test

Test equipment: dripping test device

Sample placement: Place the sample on a rotating sample table at 1r/min according to the normal working position of the sample, and the distance from the top of the sample to the drip opening is not more than 200mm. Test conditions: dripping water is 10.05 mm/min

Duration: 10 min

⑵IPX 2

Method name: Inclined 15° dripping test

Test equipment: dripping test device

Sample placement: make one surface of the sample form a 15° angle with the vertical, and the distance from the top of the sample to the drip opening is not more than 200mm. After testing one side each time, change the other side for a total of four times.

Test conditions: the dripping volume is 30.5 mm/min

Duration: 4×2.5 min (10 min in total)

⑶IPX 3

Method name: Water spray test

experiment method:

a. Swing tube water spray test

Test equipment: swing-tube water spray test device

Sample placement: Choose a swing tube with an appropriate radius, make the height of the sample table at the position of the diameter of the swing tube, and place the sample on the sample table so that the distance between the top of the sample and the sample nozzle is not more than 200mm, and the sample table does not rotate.

Test conditions: The water flow rate is calculated according to the number of spray holes of the pendulum tube, each hole is 0.07 L/min. When water is sprayed, the water spray from the spray holes in the 60° arcs on both sides of the pendulum tube is sprayed to the sample. The test sample is placed in the center of the semicircle of the pendulum tube. The pendulum tube swings 60° on both sides of the vertical, a total of 120°. Each swing (2×120°) about 4s

Test time: continuous spraying water for 10 min

b. Sprinkler water spray test

Test equipment: hand-held water spray test device

Sample placement: make the parallel distance between the top of the test and the nozzle of the hand-held sprinkler be between 300mm and 500mm

Test conditions: A baffle with a counterweight should be installed during the test, and the water flow rate is 10 L/min

Test time: Calculated according to the surface area of the tested sample shell, 1 min per square meter (not including the installation area), at least 5 min

⑷IPX 4

Method name: Water splash test

experiment method:

a. Swing tube splash test

Test equipment and sample placement: the same as the above IPX 3 item a;

Test conditions: Except for the following conditions, it is the same as the above IPX 3 paragraph a; the water spray area is the water spray from the water spray holes in the 90° arcs on both sides of the pendulum pipe to the sample. The test sample is placed in the center of the semicircle of the pendulum tube. The pendulum tube swings 180° on both sides of the vertical line, a total of about 360°. Each swing (2×360°) about 12s

Test time: Same as the above IPX 3 paragraph a (ie 10 min).

b. Sprinkler type splash test

Test equipment and sample placement: the same as the above IPX 3 item b;

Test conditions: Remove the baffle with counterweight installed on the equipment, and the rest are the same as the above IPX 3 item b;

Test time: the same as the above IPX 3 item b, that is, calculated based on the surface area of the tested sample shell, 1 min per square meter (not including the installation area), at least 5 min

⑸IPX 5

Method name: water spray test

Test equipment: The inner diameter of the nozzle of the nozzle is 6.3mm

Test conditions: Make the distance between the test sample and the water nozzle 2.5m ~ 3m, and the water flow rate is 12.5 L/min (750 L/h)

Test time: Calculated according to the surface area of the tested sample shell, 1 min per square meter (not including the installation area), at least 3 min

⑹IPX 6

Method name: strong water spray test;

Test equipment: the inner diameter of the nozzle of the nozzle is 12.5 mm

Test conditions: Make the distance between the test sample and the water nozzle 2.5m ~ 3m, and the water flow rate is 100 L/min (6000 L/h)

Test time: Calculated according to the surface area of the tested sample shell, 1 min per square meter (not including the installation area) at least 3 min

⑺IPX 7

Method name: Short-term immersion test

Test equipment and test conditions: immersion tank. The size should be such that the distance from the bottom of the sample to the water surface is at least 1m after the sample is placed in the immersion tank. The distance from the top of the sample to the water surface is at least 0.15m

Test time: 30 min

⑻IPX 8

Method name: Continuous diving test;

Test equipment, test conditions and test time: To be determined by both the supplier and the demander (the buyer and the seller), the severity should be higher than that of IPX 7.

Note: In addition, many outdoor electronic products are also emphasizing floating ability.

 

Guideline

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The standards based on the IP (INTERNATIONAL PROTECTION) rating are:

1) The international protection and waterproof test standard drafted by IEC (INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION): International Electrotechnical Commission standard IEC 529-598

2) National standard GB 700-86

3) GB 4208 and so on.