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PAHs are polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which are linear, angular or clumpy compounds composed of two to seven benzene rings. PAHs are mainly caused by incomplete combustion of carbon-containing compounds or produced during the use of fossil fuels. For example, coal, oil, wood, garbage and other organic materials will produce PAHs when incomplete combustion, and the original source is petroleum The residual tar in the refining process, so coal tar, petroleum, charcoal, crude oil, asphalt, mineral oil, lubricating oil, electrolytic solution and dyes may also be found in these substances; in addition, plastic and rubber materials in electronic products contain PAHs Of high-risk materials.
Long-term research and related data show that if you are exposed to PAHs for a long time, it will cause carcinogenesis to the human body. Initially, it was thought that PAHs can invade human organs through the human respiratory tract, and then have an impact on health. Later experiments further showed that PAHs can be transferred to the body through human skin. When they accumulate to a certain concentration, they will have an adverse effect on health. And similar substances such as cosmetics and skin creams can exacerbate this effect. The 18 regulated PAHs compounds all have or may be carcinogenic. Among them, benzopyrene, which has been proven to be carcinogenic, is the most representative, so it is listed separately as one of the reference indicators.
In 2011, the German Security Technology Certification Center (ZLS) determined to modify the PAHs requirements and officially published the document ZEK 01.4-08, which expanded the PAH items required for GS certification from 16 to 18.
All issued GS certificates (including OEM certificates) will be cancelled on July 1, 2013 if they are not updated in accordance with the resolution ZEK 01.4-08.
Table 1 ZEW 01.4-08 contains PAHs
|
serial number |
Chinese name |
English name |
CAS |
|
1 |
Naphthalene(NAP)* |
Naphthalene (NAP)* |
91-20-3 |
|
2 |
acenaphthylene (ANY) |
Acenaphthylene (ANY) |
208-96-8 |
|
3 |
acenaphthylene perylene (ANA) |
Acenaphthene (ANA) |
83-32-9 |
|
4 |
fluorene (FLU) |
Fluorene (FLU) |
86-73-7 |
|
5 |
Philippines (PHE) |
Phenanthrene (PHE) |
31055 |
|
6 |
anthracene (ANT ) |
Anthracene (ANT) |
120-12-7 |
|
7 |
fluoranthene (FLT) |
Fluoranthene (FLT) |
206-44-0 |
|
8 |
pyrene(PYR) |
Pyrene (PYR) |
129-00-0 |
|
9 |
Benzanthracene (BaA) |
Benz(a)anthracene (BaA) |
56-55-3 |
|
10 |
qu(CHR) |
Chrysene (CHR) |
218-01-9 |
|
11 |
Benzo(b)fluoranthene (BbF) |
Benzo(b)fluoranthene (BbF) |
205-99-2 |
|
12 |
Benzo(k)fluoranthene (BkF) |
Benzo(k)fluoranthene (BkF) |
207-08-9 |
|
13 |
Benzo(a)pyrene(BaP) |
Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) |
50-32-8 |
|
14 |
indene benzene (1,2,3-cd) pyrene (IPY) |
Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene (IPY) |
193-39-5 |
|
15 |
Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene (DBA) |
Dibenz(a,h)anthracene (DBA) |
53-70-3 |
|
16 |
Benzo(g,h,i)North(Perylene)(BPE) |
Benzo(g,h,i)perylene (BPE) |
191-24-2 |
|
17 |
Benzo[j]fluoranthene (BjFA) |
benzo[j]fluoranthene (BjFA) |
205-82-3 |
|
18 |
Benzopyrene (BeP ) |
benzo[e]pyrene (BeP) |
192-97-2 |
Table 2 Limits of PAHs in products
|
Substance |
First category |
Second category |
the third category |
|
food contact materials, materials that can be put in the mouth and toys for children under three years old |
Materials that have been in contact with the skin for more than 30 seconds (long-term contact) and toys that are not the first category |
Contact with the skin for less than 30 seconds (short-term contact) or not in contact with the skin |
|
|
Benzopyrene (BeP ) |
No checkout (<0.2mg/kg) |
1 mg/kg |
20 mg/kg |
|
18 kinds of PAHs total limit mg/kg |
No checkout (<0.2mg/kg) |
10 mg/kg |
200 mg/kg |
|
Example |
toys |
Portable products, such as mobile phones, desktop keyboards, etc. |
Fixed products, such as desktop computer monitors, chassis, etc. |
*If the limit value of the first category is exceeded, but the limit value of the second category is met, the suitability for contact can be verified according to the PAHs component migration test usually supplemented by DIN EN 1186 and 64 LFGB 80.30-1.
